Young-Hwan Choi[1] and James M. LaFave[2]
- Graduate Research Assistant, ychoi3@uiuc.edu, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois, 205 N. Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801.
- Assistant Professor, jlafave@uiuc.edu, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois, 205 N. Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801.
ABSTRACT
Typical residential and light commercial brick veneer construction in the central U.S. has been characterized with respect to the design methods for wall systems and the types of ties used to attach brick veneer to the backup. The focus of this research is on brick veneer attached to wood framing with corrugated sheet metal ties. As the first step towards a performance evaluation of the behavior of brick masonry veneer with wood stud framing under earthquake loads, tests were performed on brick-tie-wood subassemblies. The strength and stiffness of the ties were evaluated by monotonic tension, monotonic compression, and cyclic tension-compression tests for subassemblies consisting of two standard bricks, one wood stud, and one tie. This type of subassembly represents a localized portion of a full height brick veneer wall system, and the tests capture the performance of the entire subassembly rather than the performance of just the tie. Per common construction practice, galvanized nails were used to attach the ties to the studs in most subassemblies; however, a few subassemblies were constructed using wood screws instead.
Typical failure modes were nail pullout from the wood in nail-connected tension tests, tie pullout from the mortar joint in screw-connected tension tests, and buckling of the tie in both nailed and screwed compression tests. For the cyclic tension-compression tests, the general failure modes were tie fracture in nail-connected specimens and bond failure between mortar and brick or pull out of tie in screw-connected specimens. Envelope curves were generated to compare the cyclic test results to the results of monotonic tension and monotonic compression test results.
Keywords: brick, tie, veneer, wood stud, subassembly, cyclic, tension, compression.
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