Bedeir, Hassan1; Shedid, Marwan2; Okail, Hussein3 and Hamdy, Osama4
1 Assistant Teacher, Structural Engineering Department, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt, hassan.bedeir@eng.asu.edu.eg
2 Associate Professor, Structural Engineering Department, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt, marwan.shedid@eng.asu.edu.eg
3 Associate Professor, Structural Engineering Department, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt, hussein.okail@eng.asu.edu.eg
4 Professor of Concrete Structures, Structural Engineering Department, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt, osama.hamdy@eng.asu.edu.eg
ABSTRACT
This paper presents a part of an ongoing research to investigate the system level behaviour of mid-rise buildings having reinforced concrete masonry (RCM) walls as their main gravity and
lateral load resisting systems. Numerical models are developed and calibrated for individual walls to simulate their behaviour under lateral loads. Since multiple walls were to be incorporated in a single building model, it was essential that wall model formulations are simple and consume little computational time while capturing the wall behaviour with high accuracy. This is a complex procedure since these walls are composed of multiple materials with nonlinear behaviour while being subjected to reversed loading. OpenSees and Response-2000 software were used to develop the wall models to capture flexure and shear deformation as well as stiffness variation under cyclic loading. Walls were represented by 2D Force-Based frame elements provided in OpenSees and experimental results of ten RCM walls tested under quasistatic cyclic loading were used to verify the developed models. The development and verification of the technique were carried out in two phases. In the first phase, wall models were subjected to monotonic pushover lateral load and were calibrated to capture the backbone curve of the experimental cyclic loading with a high degree of accuracy. In the second phase the same models were refined to capture the hysteretic behaviour. Finally, recommendations and governing factors are given for the simulation of RCM walls under cyclic loading using OpenSees to capture combined flexure and shear behaviours.
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